Rational Use of Diagnostic Tests Screening tests Diagnostic tests are often used to screen asymptomatic patients and identify risk factors for occult disease. Screening tests should be generally noninvasive, inexpensive, and of minimal risk to the patient. Screening tests should have high diagnostic sensitivity, which means few false negative results would be expected, as the goal of testing is to rule out the presence of disease. Screening tests should be used to screen for diseases that (1) have serious consequences if left undetected, (2) are reasonably prevalent within the population, and (3) have treatment options readily available. Should a positive result be obtained, a more accurate, confirmatory test should then be performed. One example of a screening test would be the urine cortisol-to-creatinine ratio (Cort:Crt)u, which is used to screen symptomatic patients for canine hyperadrenocorticism.[1,2] The (Cort:Crt)u ratio tests for the presence or absence of u
pipetid regulaarselt kalibreerimisel; jne. Oma arendusosakond peab in house laborites juures olema, et kontrollida ja arendada. Viimasele on alternatiivid robotite ja kitide kasutamine või kommertsiaalsete kitide kasutamine. Kvaliteedikontrollile alternatiive pole. 1. Valideerimise üks osa on laboritevahelised võrdluskatsed, mida viib läbi organisatsioon QCMD. 10. Millised ja millal tehtud avastused olid eelduseks molekulaardiagnostika meetodite väljaarendamisele ? (Nimetage mõned teie arvates olulisemad) 1869 DNA avastamine 1953 kaksikheeliks 1969/70 ensüümid restriktaasid PCR 1989 Taq polümeraas kaksikheeliksite de- ja renaturatsioon nukleotiidide komplementaarsus 11. Milliseid molekulaardiagnostika meetodeid kasutatakse Eestis nakkushaiguste diagnoosimisel? Hübriidimine (sh FISH) PCR sekveneerimine mikrokiip-analüüs 12
Intragenomic Profiling Using Multicopy Genes: The rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences of the Freshwater Sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis Liisi Karlep, To~nu Reintamm, Merike Kelve* Department of Gene Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia Abstract Multicopy genes, like ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), are widely used to describe and distinguish individuals. Despite concerted evolution that homogenizes a large number of rDNA gene copies, the presence of different gene variants within a genome has been reported. Characterization of an organism by defining every single variant of tens to thousands of rDNA repeat units present in a eukaryotic genome would be quite unreasonable. Here we provide an alternative approach for the characterization of a set of internal transcribed spacer sequences found within every rDNA repeat unit by implementing direct sequencing methodology. The prominent allelic variants and their relative amounts c
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis Kristjan Rannaäär Veterinary medicine, 2. year, 2. group Abstract Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is a highly contagious ocular disease and big problem in cattle farms worldwide. It is the most common ocular disease of cattle caused by bacteria Moraxella bovis. This study focuses on IBK despite having low mortality rate and complete recovery, it causes significant loss of productivity in the herds affected due to the costs of treatment and considerable impact on afflicted animals, including blindness. This research is focused on the details, such as risk factors, pathogenesis, etiology, clinical signs prevention, transmission, and treatment, which animal handlers should be aware of to minimize the harm caused by IBK. Vaccination does not ensure lifelong immunity and not prevent a primary and reinfection of the cattle. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the cattle in a healthy body condition to assure a high immunity level,
1. (a) (i) gene length of DNA; codes for a (specific), polypeptide / protein / RNA; max 1 allele alternative form of a gene; found at a, locus / particular position on, a chromosome; max 1 (ii) assume allele refers to coat colour allele (coat colour) gene / alleles, only on X chromosome; A no (coat colour), gene / allele, on Y chromosome male cats, XY / only have one X chromosome; males have only one (coat colour) allele / cannot have two (coat colour) alleles; need black and orange alleles for tortoiseshell colour; 2 r r w w (b) parental genotypes C C × C C ; r w gametes C , C ; F1 genotypes and pheno
Handbook of Meat Processing Handbook of Meat Processing Fidel Toldrá EDITOR A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication Edition first published 2010 © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Editorial Office 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book, please see our website at www.wiley.com/ wiley-blackwell. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. F
Bioinformaatika ülesanded Järjestuste võrdlemine, otsingud andmebaasidest (BLAST, FASTA, SW). 1. BLAST programmide kasutamine tundmatu valgujärjestuse identifitseerimiseks või sarnaste valgujärjestuste leidmiseks (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/). Programmide kasutamisel tutvuda tutorialite ja juhenditega!!! (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Education/BLASTinfo/information3.html). a. Otsida sarnaseid järjestusi antud valgujärjestusele. Valida sobiv programm vastavalt NCBI juhendile valgujärjestuse võrdlemiseks valgujärjestuste seast. Valida otsimiseks Refseq andmebaas, sooritada otsing, tulemuste formaat 500 joondamise jaoks. GTESPLLTDPSTPNFFWLAWQARDFMSKKYGQPVPDRAVSLAINSRTGRTQNHFHIHISCIRPDVRKQLDNNLAN ISSRWLPLPGGLRGHEYLARRVTESELVQRSPFMMLAEEVPEAREHMGRYGLAMVRQSDNSFVLLATQRNLLTLN RASAEEIQDHQCEILRMRHPLVMGNWKLNGSRHMVHELVSNLRKELAGVAGCAVAIAPPEMYIDMAKREAEGSHI MLGAQNVDLNLSGAFTGETSAAML
Individual Differences (Differential Psychology) Psychology 1 It is generally assumed that: Differential Psychology · People vary on a range of psychological attributes Ian Deary · It is possible to measure and study these individual differences · Individual differences are useful for explaining and predicting behaviour and performance Differential psychology reading Human Human
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